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| Attribute | ||
|---|---|---|
Research Summary | PT-141 works directly in the brain to flip on the switch for sexual desire and arousal in both men and women. Unlike pills that just increase blood flow, this actually fixes the mental desire to be intimate. | Oxytocin is the "hug hormone." It is the natural chemical that makes you feel bonded, trusting, and deeply connected to your loved ones, while also lowering stress and anxiety. |
Studied For | Hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in premenopausal women (FDA approved)Erectile dysfunction research (historical)Female sexual arousal disorderMale sexual dysfunction researchLibido enhancementSexual arousal stimulationMelanocortin system sexual researchOrgasmic dysfunction researchPornography-induced erectile dysfunction modelsTestosterone-independent sexual arousalCNS-mediated sexual responseFemale orgasm researchlibidoerectile dysfunctionEDfemale sexual arousal disorderaphrodisiacsexual dysfunction | Labor induction / postpartum hemorrhageMilk let-down / lactationSocial cognition research (intranasal)Autism spectrum disorder researchAnxiety and stress reduction researchTrust and social bonding researchErectile dysfunction researchFemale sexual dysfunction researchPTSD / trauma researchAddiction researchEating disorder researchPair bonding / monogamy researchDepression modelsSchizophrenia researchWound healing via oxytocin receptorsUterine contraction inductionMale sexual arousal researchbondingsocial anxietyautism researchstress reductionlibidowound healing |
Research Areas | Sexual Health & Libido | Sexual Health & LibidoCognitivehormonalImmune |
Best Stacked With | oxytocinkisspeptin-10hcgbac-water | pt-141kisspeptin-10selankbac-water |
Overview | ||
Category | Sexual Health & Hormones | Sexual Health & Hormones |
Compound Class | Cyclic heptapeptide melanocortin receptor agonist; Melanotan II analog without linear structure | Endogenous hypothalamic nonapeptide neurohormone; posterior pituitary release |
Molecular Target | MC4R (melanocortin-4 receptor) in hypothalamus; dopaminergic sexual arousal pathway; also MC1R (minor) | Oxytocin receptor (OXTR); Gq/cAMP signaling; amygdala fear response modulation; uterine smooth muscle contraction |
Aliases / AKA | BremelanotideVyleesiPT 141PT141Melanocortin sexual peptideMC4R agonist peptide | PitocinSyntocinonOxytocin AcetateOxytocin hormoneLove hormoneBonding hormone |
Parent Compound | alpha-MSH analog; melanotan II metabolite | Posterior pituitary hormone |
Molecular Weight | 1025.18 Da | 1007.19 Da |
Amino Acid Sequence | Ac-Nle-cyclo(Asp-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Lys)-OH | Cys-Tyr-Ile-Gln-Asn-Cys-Pro-Leu-Gly-NH2 (disulfide) |
CAS Number | 189691-06-3 | 50-56-6 |
Year Discovered | Not Listed | Not Listed |
Pro-Angiogenic | No | No |
GLP-1 Class | No | No |
Purity | Not Listed | Not Listed |
Identity | ||
Evidence Tier | ||
Risk Level | ||
PubMed Citations | 118 Moderate | 33,578 Extensive |
Clinical Trials | 11 Active | 553553 Active |
Regulatory Status | FDA-approved (Vyleesi, 2019) for premenopausal HSDD. | FDA/EMA-approved Rx (injectable); not WADA-prohibited. |
Evidence & Regulatory | ||
Half-Life | ~2.7 hours | ~3-5 minutes |
Typical Frequency | Not Listed | Not Listed |
Administration Route | Injection Only | Injection Only |
Mechanism / PK | Not Listed | Not Listed |
Reported Findings | Phase 3 trials in premenopausal women with low sexual desire showed significant improvement versus placebo, with modest effect sizes. | Established uterotonic and milk-ejection use. Intranasal psychiatric trials for autism and social cognition are mixed and often fail to replicate. |
Side Effects Noted | Nausea (the leading reason for discontinuation), flushing, headache, transient blood-pressure rise, and focal skin or gum darkening with repeated use. | Obstetric IV use can cause uterine hyperstimulation, water intoxication, and blood-pressure changes; intranasal use is mild. |
Warnings | Contraindicated in uncontrolled hypertension or known cardiovascular disease; approved only for premenopausal women, not for men or performance. | Obstetric contraindications apply; water-intoxication risk with high doses and hypotonic fluids; intranasal psychiatric use is unapproved. |
Pharmacology | ||
Form | solution (autoinjector) or lyophilized | solution or lyophilized |
Diluent | bacteriostatic water | sterile water |
Storage Temp | controlled room temp, dark; do not freeze | refrigerate; heat and oxidation sensitive |
Light Sensitive | Yes | Yes |
Freeze / Thaw | avoid | avoid |
Handling Notes | Slows gastric emptying. | Disulfide bond is reduction-sensitive. |
Reconstituted Shelf Life | 30 Days Refrigerated | 14 Days Refrigerated |
Handling & Storage | ||
Pep Nation Lab's comparison tool puts research-grade peptides and compounds head to head - mechanism of action, molecular target, evidence tier, molecular weight, sequence, half-life, and documented research focus - so qualified researchers can evaluate the differences that matter. Every data point is drawn from a referenced monograph. For in vitro laboratory research use only.
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Any research-grade compound in the library can be placed side by side - up to four at a time. The tool compares mechanism of action, molecular target, evidence tier, molecular weight, amino acid sequence, reported half-life, and what each compound has been studied for, all drawn from referenced monographs.
The evidence tier reflects how extensively a compound has been studied in the referenced literature, from early preclinical signals through to compounds with human clinical data. It is a research-quality signal only, never a safety or efficacy endorsement.
Each comparison page is generated from the same referenced compound database - a genuine side-by-side of mechanism, identity, pharmacokinetics, and evidence, plus data-derived key differences. They are curated, not auto-generated thin pages.
No. Every comparison is for in vitro laboratory research use only. Nothing here is medical advice, a treatment recommendation, or dosing guidance, and no product is for human or animal consumption.
