Tirzepatide
Also Known As: LY3298176, Tirzepatide peptide, GIP GLP-1 dual agonist, Eli Lilly dual agonist, Twin incretin, Twincretin, GLP-1 GIP tirzepatide, Mounjaro injection, Zepbound injection, Tirzepatide LY3298176, Dual incretin obesity drug, Tirzapatide, Tirzepetide, GIP/GLP-1, twincretin, tirz, tzp
Tirzepatide is a research-grade Dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist targeting GIPR studied in Weight Loss & Metabolism research. It is supplied strictly for in vitro laboratory research use only - not for human or animal consumption, and not FDA-approved.
Evidence Tier: Approved Drug - FDA and/or EMA approved with robust human trial data.
The approved dual-incretin weight-loss and diabetes drug; compounded versions are not FDA-evaluated.
At A Glance
| Category | Weight Loss & Metabolism |
|---|---|
| Compound Class | Dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist (twincretin); synthetic 39-residue peptide with C18 fatty diacid for albumin binding |
| Molecular Target | GIPR (GIP receptor) + GLP-1R (GLP-1 receptor); dual incretin axis activation; pancreatic insulin secretion and hypothalamic appetite suppression |
| Molecular Weight | 4813.45 Da |
| Amino Acid Sequence | 39-aa acylated peptide (C20 diacid) |
| CAS Number | 2023788-19-2 |
| Half-Life | ~1 week |
| WADA Status | not_listed |
| Evidence Tier | Approved Drug |
Mechanism Of Action
It is a dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist. It dramatically slows gastric emptying and sensitizes the body to insulin, resulting in profound appetite suppression and record-breaking weight loss in trials.
Studied For
- Type 2 diabetes management
- Chronic weight management / obesity
- Obstructive sleep apnea in obesity (FDA approved 2024)
- Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD/MASH)
- Cardiovascular risk reduction
- HbA1c lowering
- Body weight reduction superior to semaglutide
- Insulin resistance
- Metabolic syndrome
- Polycystic ovary syndrome
- Kidney disease in diabetes
- Heart failure with obesity
- Appetite suppression dual pathway
- Lean mass preservation
- weight loss
- diabetes
- fat loss
- appetite suppression
- obesity
- metabolic syndrome
- insulin sensitivity
- A1C reduction
Reported Research Findings
Strong human trials (SURPASS, SURMOUNT), superior to semaglutide on weight in a head-to-head; FDA-approved for diabetes, obesity, and sleep apnea.
Safety And Handling Notes
Dose-dependent gastrointestinal effects; gallbladder and pancreatitis signals.
FDA boxed warning for thyroid C-cell tumors; contraindicated with personal or family medullary thyroid carcinoma or MEN 2. Approved product is distinct from compounded versions.
Regulatory Status
FDA-approved: Mounjaro (T2D, 2022); Zepbound (chronic weight management, 2023); Zepbound approved for moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea in adults with obesity (Dec 2024). Compounded versions are not FDA-evaluated. Not on the WADA 2026 Prohibited List; tirzepatide was added to the WADA Monitoring Program effective 1 January 2026 (monitored, not sanctioned).
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